Ernest aestould



(No Mudel.)

E. ARNOULD.

ELECTRICAL LIGHTING APPARATUS.

ME 6 k ME 023 i d 6 HF P 6 0 a h l x Ally l X m 0 G N k N V EN TO R By his .l lttorn eys, @444 )6 f MM 010% Nv PETERS, Phokwliihogmphar. WJIMnglon, D. C.

WITNESSESZ' UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrce.

ERNEST ARNOULD, OF PARIS,

FRANCE.

ELECTRI CAL LIGHTING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,380, dated June 2, 1885.

Application filed September 20, 1884. (No model.)

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNEST ARNOULD, a citizen of the French Republic, and a resident of Paris, France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Lighting Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of eleetric lighting apparatuses wherein a reversingpile is employed, and in which the circuit is broken and closed by turning the pile, which has the effect to immerse the zinc pole in the exciting-liquid to close the circuit and to remove said pole from said liquid to break the circuit. My object is to mount the poles-- usually zinc and carbon-separately in the pile-receptacle, so that the zinc pole may be adjusted and replaced without disturbing the other parts.

The details of construction will be hereinafter fully described, and the novel features defined in the claims.

. In the drawings which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical mid-section of one form of my igniting apparatus, wherein the current is set up by the inversion of the pile. Fig. 2 is a vertical mid-section of another form, in which the current ceases when the pile is inverted. Fig. 3 is a view of an apparatus similar to that illustrated in Fig. 2, but having the glass or other receptacle for the exciting-liquid mounted in a metal casing In this view the said receptacle is in elevation and the metal casing in section. Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation on a smaller scale of the long igniting-stem of the apparatus. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view illustrating the application to the igniting-stem of a key for turning on the gas.

Referring to Fig. 1, A represents the pilereeeptacle, which may be of gutta-percha, hard rubber, glass, or other suitable material. This receptacle is shown as provided with a protecting-covering, A, of wicker-work.

The receptacle A is provided with two necks, B and O, which are or may be exteriorly screw-threaded to receive screwcaps k and k, respectively.

D is the carbon pole, which rests, by preference, on the bottom of the receptacle A, and is secured at its top in a rubber stopper,

a, which fits tightly in the neck B of the receptacle.

In order to further assure the hermetic sealing of the receptacle, the stopper a is covered with a bed of wax, b, as shown.

To the carbon D is attached a short platinum wire, 0, which traverses the wax l), and is electrically connected with a copper wire, (I.

Secured to the receptacle A by the screwcap 70 is a tubular igniting-stem, 71 which is preferably provided with a perforated tip, h. This stem may be constructed of any suitable material,of any desired or convenient length, and either straight or crooked. In said Stem is arranged a plug, 9, of some insulating materialas rubber, by preferenceand in this plug are fixed or mounted two metal pins or rods, 6 and e, which are connected together at their tops by a fine platinum wire, f, preferably arranged in a spiral or helical form. To steady them, the pins 0 and a may be con nected near their upper ends, as shown, by a tie of some insulating material. The wire (Z is connected to the lower end of pin 6, thus putting said pin in electrical connection with carbon D, and the pin 0 is connected by a wire, '11, with the stem h, which should in this construction be of conducting material.

On the stem His a binding-post,j, to which is connected one end of awire coil, i, the other end of which is connected to the end of the zinc poleEof the pile. This zincis short, and isfixed in a stopper, a, preferably of rubber, which fits hermetically but removably in the neck 0 of receptacle A. The normal level of the exciting-fluid in A, when the latter is held or stands as shown in Fig. 1, is indicated by x x, and the zinc E is not submerged in said liquid; but if the apparatusbe turned over or whollyinverted the carbon and zinc poles will both be submerged, and at the same time, and a current of electricity will be generated in the circuit described, of which the platinum wire f forms a part. The resistance offered by this wire f will heat it to incandescence, and if it be then applied to the gas the latter will be ignited. As soon as the apparatus is turned back again to the position shown in the drawings-that is to say, so that it will set or stand on a table, for examplethe zinc pole will be again freed from the exciting-liquid and the current-will cease. I will say here, as to the construction, that if the stem h is long more than one plug 9 may be used, and if the wires or rods which pass through said plug or plugs be covered withinsulating material this plug may be made of conducting material. The conductor indicated by the letters 0 d 0 might be one wire, and also the conductors c i. If the stem h were made of nolrcondueting materiahthe wire 2 might connect directly with the binding-post j. The object in connecting the zinc E to the binding-post by a wire or coil, i, is to permit the stopper a to be conveniently removed from the neck of the receptacle in order to replenish the pile with the exciting-liquid, and also to renew the zinc. The perforated tip h on the stem It serves to protect the wire f, and yet permits the gas to reach said wire when the gas is to be ignited. By mounting the stem h on the neck B over the carbon D the neck C is left f rec to be opened and closed at pleasure. The stem h is preferably made hollow to receive and protect the wires of the circuit; but this stein might be a slender rod arranged to support the wires of the circuit, arranged exteriorly to the stem, which wires might have an ordinary insulating-coverin g.

Referring to Fig. 2, the construction is nearly the same as that of Fig. 1, except that the zinc E is inserted at the bottom of receptacle A, and when not in use the apparatus is hung up in an inverted position. that is, with the ignitingstem down. A metallic strip, 0, electrically connects the wire i with the zinc E through the medium of the stem h, screw-cap 7r, screw cap or thimble k, and screw-cap G, which screws onto the cap it" and is provided with a set-screw, Z, for clamping onto and holding the zinc E in place. In the end of the zinc 13-, or it may be in a metal piece to which the zinc is soldered, is a a hole, '1, by which the apparatus may he sus pended when not in use.

Referring to Fig. 3, the receptacle A, which is of glass or other similar fragile material, is protected by an exterior casing, S, of metal. The screw-cap has a flange which screws onto this casing, suitable felt packing, V \V, being inserted between it and the top of receptacle A. The part k, designated as a screw-cap when referring to the other figures, is here formed in one with the casing S or soldered thereto. In this construction 9/ is a suspending-loop secured to G.

Fig. 4t requires no particular description. It merely shows an elongated stem, 71, wit-l1 a curve or bend formed in it the better to adapt it to lighting some forms of gas-jets. Vhen made long, the hollow stem may be made of wood for lightness, and the wires 1' of the circuit be carried down and connected with the metal base of said stem, or to a metal bindingpost thereon, such as is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5-shows a key, I, for turning the gascock, secured to stem h by means of clips z.

This is not new in electrical igniters for gas.

I may say that the exciting-liquid I usually employ is composed of water, sulphuric acid, and hydrochloric acid; but any of the wellknown exciting-liquids may be used.

The pile or battery element I employ, and which I have described, is generally known as a reversingpile, as by turning it, inverting it, or reversing its position a current may be set up or broken at will.

I am aware that it is not new, broadly, to employ a reversingpile in an electric-lighting apparatus. In such as have been proposed, however, so far as I am aware, the provision for shifting, adjusting, and renewing the zinc has differed from mine. In my apparatus the zinc may be renewed, adjusted, and replaced without disturbing the carbon and the ignitingstcm, which I consider an important ad vantage.

I am also aware that it has been proposed to employ for a like purpose a battery or pile in which the zinc is immersed by depressing it momentarily, the pole rising out of the liquid through the medium of a spring when pressure is removed. This I do not claim as new.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The combination, to form an electrical igniting apparatus, of a reversingpile comprising a receptacle for the exciting-liquid with two distinct necks, each provided with a stopper, and the carbon and zinc poles connected, respectively, to said stoppers, the igniting-stem mounted on the neck where the carbon pole is attached, and the electric circuit of which the platinum wire f forms a part, the ends of said circuit being connected with the poles of the battery or pile, and the wiref being arranged at the extremity of the said igniting-stem, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of the receptacle A, provided with two necks, B and 0, both formed in the same end of the receptacle and side by side, the carbon D, secured hermetieally in the neck B, substantially as shown. the zinc E, mounted in the stopper a, the said stopper mounted in neck 0, the stem II, secured to the receptacle A over the neck B when the carbon pole is mounted, the platinum wire f, and the metallic connection between it and the carbon D, the metallic con nection between the wire 1 and the bindingpost j, the said binding post, and the wire c011- neeting said post with the zinc, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ERNEST ARNOULD.

Witnesses:

R0131. M. IIoornn, AMAND BITTER. 

